DORAVIRINE Drug Interactions: What You Need to Know

INTERACTIONS Because DELSTRIGO is a complete regimen, co-administration with other antiretroviral medications for treatment of HIV-1 infection is not recommended. ( 7.1 ) Consult the full prescribing information prior to and during treatment for important potential drug-drug interactions. ( 4 , 5.4 , 7 )

7.1 Concomitant Use with Other Antiretroviral Medications Because DELSTRIGO is a complete regimen for the treatment of HIV-1 infection, co-administration with other antiretroviral medications for treatment of HIV-1 infection is not recommended. Information regarding potential drug-drug interactions with other antiretroviral medications is not provided.

7.2 Effect of Other Drugs on DELSTRIGO Co-administration of DELSTRIGO with a CYP3A inducer decreases doravirine plasma concentrations, which may reduce DELSTRIGO efficacy <span class="opacity-50 text-xs">[see Contraindications (4) , Warnings and Precautions (5.4) , and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ]</span> . Co-administration of DELSTRIGO and drugs that are inhibitors of CYP3A may result in increased plasma concentrations of doravirine.

Table

6 shows the significant drug interactions with the components of DELSTRIGO. The drug interactions described are based on studies conducted with either DELSTRIGO or the components of DELSTRIGO as individual agents.

Table

6: Drug Interactions with DELSTRIGO This table is not all-inclusive Concomitant Drug Class: Drug Name Effect on Concentration Clinical Comment ↑ = increase, ↓ = decrease All other drug-drug interactions shown are anticipated based on the known metabolic and elimination pathways.

Androgen

Receptors enzalutamide ↓ doravirine Co-administration is contraindicated with enzalutamide. At least a 4-week cessation period is recommended prior to initiation of DELSTRIGO. Anticonvulsants carbamazepine oxcarbazepine phenobarbital phenytoin ↓ doravirine Co-administration is contraindicated with these anticonvulsants. At least a 4-week cessation period is recommended prior to initiation of DELSTRIGO. Antimycobacterials rifampin The interaction between doravirine and the concomitant drug was evaluated in a clinical study. rifapentine ↓ doravirine Co-administration is contraindicated with rifampin or rifapentine. At least a 4-week cessation period is recommended prior to initiation of DELSTRIGO. rifabutin ↓ doravirine If DELSTRIGO is co-administered with rifabutin, one tablet of doravirine (PIFELTRO) should be taken approximately 12 hours after the dose of DELSTRIGO [see Dosage and Administration (2.4) ] .

Cytotoxic

Agents mitotane ↓ doravirine Co-administration is contraindicated with mitotane. At least a 4-week cessation period is recommended prior to initiation of DELSTRIGO. Hepatitis C Antiviral Agents ledipasvir/sofosbuvir sofosbuvir/velpatasvir ↑ tenofovir Monitor for adverse reactions associated with TDF.

Herbal

Products St. John's wort ↓ doravirine Co-administration is contraindicated with St. John's wort. At least a 4-week cessation period is recommended prior to initiation of DELSTRIGO.

Other

Agents sorbitol ↓ lamivudine Co-administration of single doses of lamivudine and sorbitol resulted in a sorbitol dose-dependent reduction in lamivudine exposures. When possible, avoid use of sorbitol-containing medicines with lamivudine-containing medicines. Co-administration of DELSTRIGO with drugs that reduce renal function or compete for active tubular secretion may increase serum concentrations of lamivudine, tenofovir, and/or other renally eliminated drugs. Some examples of drugs that are eliminated by active tubular secretion include, but are not limited to, acyclovir, cidofovir, ganciclovir, valacyclovir, valganciclovir, aminoglycosides (e.g., gentamicin), and high-dose or multiple NSAIDs [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] . No clinically significant changes in concentration were observed for doravirine when co-administered with the following agents: TDF, lamivudine, elbasvir and grazoprevir, ledipasvir and sofosbuvir, ritonavir, ketoconazole, aluminum hydroxide/magnesium hydroxide/simethicone containing antacid, pantoprazole, or methadone [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] . No clinically significant changes in concentration were observed for tenofovir when co-administered with tacrolimus or entecavir [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] .

7.3 Effect of DELSTRIGO on Other Drugs No clinically significant changes in concentration were observed for the following agents when co-administered with doravirine: lamivudine, TDF, elbasvir and grazoprevir, ledipasvir and sofosbuvir, atorvastatin, an oral contraceptive containing ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel, metformin, methadone, or midazolam. No clinically significant drug interactions have been observed between TDF and the following medications: entecavir, methadone, oral contraceptives, sofosbuvir, or tacrolimus in studies conducted in healthy participants. Lamivudine is not significantly metabolized by CYP enzymes nor does it inhibit or induce this enzyme system; therefore, it is unlikely that clinically significant drug interactions will occur through these pathways <span class="opacity-50 text-xs">[see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ]</span> .

DELSTRIGO is contraindicated when co-administered with drugs that are strong cytochrome P450 (CYP)3A enzyme inducers as significant decreases in doravirine plasma concentrations may occur, which may decrease the effectiveness of DELSTRIGO [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4) , Drug Interactions (7.2) , and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] . These drugs include, but are not limited to, the following: - the anticonvulsants carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, phenobarbital, phenytoin - the androgen receptor inhibitor enzalutamide - the antimycobacterials rifampin, rifapentine - the cytotoxic agent mitotane - St. John's wort ( Hypericum perforatum) DELSTRIGO is contraindicated in patients with a previous hypersensitivity reaction to lamivudine. DELSTRIGO is contraindicated when co-administered with drugs that are strong cytochrome P450 (CYP)3A enzyme inducers as significant decreases in doravirine plasma concentrations may occur, which may decrease the effectiveness of DELSTRIGO. ( 4 ) DELSTRIGO is contraindicated in patients with a previous hypersensitivity reaction to lamivudine.

AND PRECAUTIONS Severe skin reactions, including Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS)/toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), have been reported during the postmarketing experience with doravirine-containing regimens. Discontinue DELSTRIGO, and other medications known to be associated with severe skin reactions, immediately if a painful rash with mucosal involvement or a progressive severe rash develops, and closely monitor clinical status. ( 5.1 ) New onset or worsening renal impairment: Prior to or when initiating DELSTRIGO, and during treatment with DELSTRIGO, on a clinically appropriate schedule, assess serum creatinine, estimated creatinine clearance, urine glucose, and urine protein in all patients. Avoid administering DELSTRIGO with concurrent or recent use of nephrotoxic drugs. ( 5.3 ) Bone loss and mineralization defects: Consider monitoring BMD in patients with a history of pathologic fracture or other risk factors of osteoporosis or bone loss. ( 5.5 ) Monitor for Immune Reconstitution Syndrome. ( 5.6 )

5.1 Severe Skin Reactions Severe skin reactions, including Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS)/toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), have been reported during the postmarketing experience with doravirine-containing regimens <span class="opacity-50 text-xs">[see Adverse Reactions (6.2) ]</span> . Discontinue DELSTRIGO, and other medications known to be associated with severe skin reactions, immediately if a painful rash with mucosal involvement or a progressive severe rash develops. Clinical status should be closely monitored, and appropriate therapy should be initiated.

5.2 Severe Acute Exacerbation of Hepatitis B in People with Concomitant HIV-1 and HBV All patients with HIV-1 should be tested for the presence of HBV before initiating antiretroviral therapy. Severe acute exacerbations of hepatitis B (e.g., liver decompensated and liver failure) have been reported in people with concomitant HIV-1 and HBV who have discontinued products containing lamivudine and/or TDF, and may occur with discontinuation of DELSTRIGO. Patients who are coinfected with HIV-1 and HBV who discontinue DELSTRIGO should be closely monitored with both clinical and laboratory follow-up for at least several months after stopping treatment with DELSTRIGO. If appropriate, initiation of anti-hepatitis B therapy may be warranted, especially in patients with advanced liver disease or cirrhosis, since post-treatment exacerbation of hepatitis may lead to hepatic decompensation and liver failure.

5.3 New Onset or Worsening Renal Impairment Renal impairment, including cases of acute renal failure and Fanconi syndrome (renal tubular injury with severe hypophosphatemia), has been reported with the use of TDF, a component of DELSTRIGO. DELSTRIGO should be avoided with concurrent or recent use of a nephrotoxic agent (e.g., high-dose or multiple nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs [NSAIDs]) <span class="opacity-50 text-xs">[see Drug Interactions (7.1) ]</span> . Cases of acute renal failure after initiation of high-dose or multiple NSAIDs have been reported in patients living with HIV with risk factors for renal dysfunction who appeared stable on TDF. Some patients required hospitalization and renal replacement therapy. Alternatives to NSAIDs should be considered, if needed, in patients at risk for renal dysfunction. Persistent or worsening bone pain, pain in extremities, fractures, and/or muscular pain or weakness may be manifestations of proximal renal tubulopathy and should prompt an evaluation of renal function in at-risk patients. Prior to or when initiating DELSTRIGO, and during treatment with DELSTRIGO, on a clinically appropriate schedule, assess serum creatinine, estimated creatinine clearance, urine glucose and urine protein in all patients. In patients with chronic kidney disease, also assess serum phosphorus. Discontinue DELSTRIGO in patients who develop clinically significant decreases in renal function or evidence of Fanconi syndrome. The lamivudine and TDF components of DELSTRIGO are primarily excreted by the kidney. Discontinue DELSTRIGO if estimated creatinine clearance declines below 50 mL/min as dose interval adjustment required for lamivudine and TDF cannot be achieved with the fixed-dose combination tablet <span class="opacity-50 text-xs">[see Use in Specific Populations (8.6) ]</span> .

5.4 Risk of Adverse Reactions or Loss of Virologic Response Due to Drug Interactions The concomitant use of DELSTRIGO and certain other drugs may result in known or potentially significant drug interactions, some of which may lead to <span class="opacity-50 text-xs">[see Dosage and Administration (2.4) , Contraindications (4) , and Drug Interactions (7.2) ]</span>: Loss of therapeutic effect of DELSTRIGO and possible development of resistance. Possible clinically significant adverse reactions from greater exposures of a component of DELSTRIGO.

See Table

6 for steps to prevent or manage these possible and known significant drug interactions, including dosing recommendations. Consider the potential for drug interactions prior to and during DELSTRIGO therapy, review concomitant medications during DELSTRIGO therapy, and monitor for adverse reactions.

5.5 Bone Loss and Mineralization Defects Bone Mineral Density In clinical trials in adults living with HIV, TDF (a component of DELSTRIGO) was associated with slightly greater decreases in bone mineral density (BMD) and increases in biochemical markers of bone metabolism, suggesting increased bone turnover relative to comparators. Serum parathyroid hormone levels and 1,25 Vitamin D levels were also higher in participants receiving TDF. Clinical trials evaluating TDF in pediatric participants were conducted. Under normal circumstances, BMD increases rapidly in pediatric patients. In participants 2 years to less than 18 years of age living with HIV, bone effects were similar to those observed in adult participants and suggest increased bone turnover. Total body BMD gain was less in the TDF-treated pediatric participants living with HIV as compared to the control groups. Similar trends were observed in chronic HBV-infected pediatric participants 2 years to less than 18 years of age. In all pediatric trials, normal skeletal growth (height) was not affected for the duration of the clinical trials. The effects of TDF-associated changes in BMD and biochemical markers on long-term bone health and future fracture risk in adults and pediatric participants 2 years and older are unknown. The long-term effect of lower spine and total body BMD on skeletal growth in pediatric patients, and in particular, the effects of long-duration exposure in younger children are unknown. Assessment of BMD should be considered for adult and pediatric patients living with HIV who have a history of pathologic bone fracture or other risk factors for osteoporosis or bone loss. Although the effect of supplementation with calcium and vitamin D was not studied, such supplementation may be beneficial in all patients. If bone abnormalities are suspected, then appropriate consultation should be obtained.

Mineralization Defects

Cases of osteomalacia associated with proximal renal tubulopathy, manifested as bone pain or pain in extremities and which may contribute to fractures, have been reported in association with the use of TDF [see Adverse Reactions (6.2) ] . Arthralgias and muscle pain or weakness have also been reported in cases of proximal renal tubulopathy. Hypophosphatemia and osteomalacia secondary to proximal renal tubulopathy should be considered in patients at risk of renal dysfunction who present with persistent or worsening bone or muscle symptoms while receiving products containing TDF [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) ] .

5.6 Immune Reconstitution Syndrome Immune reconstitution syndrome has been reported in patients treated with combination antiretroviral therapy. During the initial phase of combination antiretroviral treatment, patients whose immune system responds may develop an inflammatory response to indolent or residual opportunistic infections (such as Mycobacterium avium infection, cytomegalovirus, Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP), or tuberculosis), which may necessitate further evaluation and treatment. Autoimmune disorders (such as Graves&apos; disease, polymyositis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, and autoimmune hepatitis) have also been reported to occur in the setting of immune reconstitution; however, the time to onset is more variable and can occur many months after initiation of treatment.