INTERACTIONS Moderate or Strong CYP3A Inhibitors : Avoid concomitant use with ENSACOVE. ( 7.1 ) Moderate or Strong CYP3A Inducers : Avoid concomitant use with ENSACOVE. ( 7.1 ) P-gp Inhibitor : Avoid concomitant use with ENSACOVE. ( 7.1 )
7.1 Effect of Other Drugs on ENSACOVE Table 5 describes drug interactions where concomitant use of another drug affects ENSACOVE.
Table
5: Effect of Other Drugs on ENSACOVE Strong or Moderate CYP3A Inhibitors Prevention or Management Avoid concomitant use of strong or moderate CYP3A inhibitors with ENSACOVE. Mechanism and Clinical Effect(s) This recommendation is based upon a mechanistic understanding of ensartinib pharmacokinetics and it being a CYP3A4 substrate in vitro [see Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3 )] . Concomitant use with strong or moderate CYP3A inhibitors may increase ensartinib exposure; however, this has not been studied clinically. Strong or Moderate CYP3A Inducers Prevention or Management Avoid concomitant use of strong or moderate CYP3A inducers with ENSACOVE. Mechanism and Clinical Effect(s) This recommendation is based upon a mechanistic understanding of ensartinib pharmacokinetics and it being a CYP3A4 substrate in vitro [see Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3 )] . Concomitant use with strong or moderate CYP3A inducers may decrease ensartinib exposure; however, this has not been studied clinically. P-gp Inhibitors Prevention or Management Avoid concomitant use of P-gp inhibitors with ENSACOVE. Mechanism and Clinical Effect(s) This recommendation is based upon a mechanistic understanding of ensartinib pharmacokinetics and it being a P-gp substrate in vitro [see Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3 )] . Concomitant use with P-gp inhibitors may increase ensartinib exposure; however, this has not been studied clinically.
ENSACOVE is contraindicated in patients who have experienced a severe hypersensitivity reaction to ENSACOVE, FD&C Yellow No. 5 (tartrazine), or to any of its components [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.10 )] . Hypersensitivity reaction to ENSACOVE, FD&C Yellow No. 5 (tartrazine), or to any of its components. ( 4 )
AND PRECAUTIONS Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD)/Pneumonitis : Monitor patients for new or worsening symptoms indicative of ILD/pneumonitis. Permanently discontinue in patients with ILD/pneumonitis. ( 5.1 ) Hepatotoxicity : Monitor liver function tests during treatment with ENSACOVE. Withhold, reduce the dose, or permanently discontinue ENSACOVE based on severity. (5.2 )
Dermatologic Adverse
Reaction : Monitor for dermatologic adverse reactions during treatment with ENSACOVE. Withhold, reduce the dose, or permanently discontinue ENSACOVE based on severity. ( 5.3 ) Bradycardia : Monitor heart rate regularly during treatment with ENSACOVE. Withhold, reduce the dose, or permanently discontinue ENSACOVE based on severity. ( 5.4 ) Hyperglycemia : Monitor serum glucose periodically during treatment with ENSACOVE. Withhold, reduce the dose, or permanently discontinue ENSACOVE based on severity. ( 5.5 )
Visual
Disturbances : Advise patients to report visual symptoms during treatment with ENSACOVE. Withhold ENSACOVE and obtain ophthalmologic evaluation, then reduce the dose or permanently discontinue ENSACOVE. (5.6)
Increased Creatine
Phosphokinase (CPK) : Monitor CPK periodically during treatment with ENSACOVE. Withhold, reduce the dose, or permanently discontinue ENSACOVE based on severity. ( 5.7 ) Hyperuricemia : Monitor uric acid periodically during treatment with ENSACOVE. Withhold, reduce the dose, or permanently discontinue ENSACOVE based on severity. ( 5.8 ) Embryo-Fetal Toxicity : Can cause fetal harm. Advise patients of the potential risk to a fetus and to use effective contraception. ( 5.9 )
5.1 Interstitial Lung Disease/Pneumonitis ENSACOVE can cause severe interstitial lung disease (ILD)/pneumonitis. In the pooled safety population <span class="opacity-50 text-xs">[see Adverse Reactions ( 6.1 )]</span>, ILD/pneumonitis occurred in 5% of patients treated with ENSACOVE, including Grade 3 in 1.3% and Grade 4 in 0.4%. ILD/pneumonitis leading to dose interruption occurred in 0.4% and permanent discontinuation of ENSACOVE in 1.5% of patients. Monitor patients for new or worsening symptoms indicative of ILD/pneumonitis (e.g., dyspnea, cough, and fever) during treatment with ENSACOVE. Immediately withhold ENSACOVE in patients with suspected ILD/pneumonitis. Permanently discontinue ENSACOVE if ILD/pneumonitis is confirmed <span class="opacity-50 text-xs">[see Dosage and Administration ( 2.4 )]</span>.
5.2 Hepatotoxicity ENSACOVE can cause hepatotoxicity including drug-induced liver injury. In the pooled safety population <span class="opacity-50 text-xs">[see Adverse Reactions ( 6.1 )]</span>, 59% of patients treated with ENSACOVE had increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT), including 5% Grade 3. Increased aspartate aminotransferase (AST) occurred in 58% of patients treated with ENSACOVE, including 1.8% Grade 3. Increased bilirubin occurred in 12% of patients treated with ENSACOVE, including 2.3% Grade 3 and 0.2% Grade 4. There was one case of drug-induced liver injury in ENSACOVE-treated patients. The median time to first onset of increased ALT or AST was 5.3 weeks (range: 0.4 to 152 weeks). The dose of ENSACOVE was interrupted in 4.6% of patients for increased ALT or AST. Increased ALT or AST leading to dose reduction occurred in 2.6% and permanent discontinuation of ENSACOVE in 1.1% of patients. The dose of ENSACOVE was interrupted in 1.3% of patients for increased bilirubin. Increased bilirubin leading to dose reduction occurred in 0.7% and permanent discontinuation of ENSACOVE in 1.3% of patients. Monitor liver function tests including ALT, AST, and total bilirubin at baseline and every 2 weeks during the first cycle of treatment with ENSACOVE, and then monthly and as clinically indicated. Withhold, reduce the dose, or permanently discontinue ENSACOVE based on the severity of the adverse reaction <span class="opacity-50 text-xs">[see Dosage and Administration ( 2.4 )]</span> .
5.3 Dermatologic Adverse Reactions ENSACOVE can cause dermatologic adverse reactions, including drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS), rash, pruritus, and photosensitivity. In the pooled safety population <span class="opacity-50 text-xs">[see Adverse Reactions ( 6.1 )]</span>, dermatologic adverse reactions occurred in 80% of patients receiving ENSACOVE, including Grade 3 in 14% of patients. Rash occurred in 72% of patients receiving ENSACOVE, including Grade 3 in 12% of patients. The median time to onset of rash was 9 days (range: 1 day to 17.3 months). Pruritus occurred in 32% of patients receiving ENSACOVE, with Grade 3 in 2.4%. There was one Grade 3 case (0.2%) of drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS). The dose of ENSACOVE was interrupted in 12% of patients for dermatologic adverse reactions. Dermatologic adverse reactions leading to dose reduction occurred in 11% and permanent discontinuation of ENSACOVE in 1.5% of patients. In the pooled safety population <span class="opacity-50 text-xs">[see Adverse Reactions ( 6.1 ) ]</span>, photosensitivity occurred in 0.9% of patients receiving ENSACOVE; all were Grade 1. Monitor patients for dermatologic adverse reactions during treatment with ENSACOVE. If dermatologic adverse reactions occur, treat with antihistamine, topical or systemic steroids based on the severity. Advise patients to limit direct sun exposure while taking ENSACOVE and for at least 1 week after discontinuation. Withhold, reduce the dose, or permanently discontinue ENSACOVE based on the severity of the adverse reaction <span class="opacity-50 text-xs">[see Dosage and Administration ( 2.4 )]</span>.
5.4 Bradycardia ENSACOVE can cause symptomatic bradycardia. In the pooled safety population <span class="opacity-50 text-xs">[see Adverse Reactions ( 6.1 )]</span>, bradycardia (heart rate less than 60 beats per minute) occurred in 6% of patients treated with ENSACOVE. All bradycardia events were Grade 1 or 2. Bradycardia requiring dose reduction occurred in 0.2% and led to dose interruption in 0.4% of ENSACOVE-treated patients. Monitor heart rate regularly during treatment with ENSACOVE. Withhold, reduce the dose, or permanently discontinue ENSACOVE based on severity <span class="opacity-50 text-xs">[see Dosage and Administration ( 2.4 )]</span> .
5.5 Hyperglycemia ENSACOVE can cause hyperglycemia. In the pooled safety population <span class="opacity-50 text-xs">[see Adverse Reactions ( 6.1 )]</span>, based on laboratory data, 44% of patients receiving ENSACOVE experienced increased blood glucose, including Grade 3 in 2.5%. The median time to onset of increased blood glucose was 5.9 weeks (0.4 weeks to 3.4 years). Assess fasting serum glucose at baseline and monitor serum glucose periodically during treatment with ENSACOVE. Withhold, reduce the dose, or permanently discontinue ENSACOVE based on severity <span class="opacity-50 text-xs">[see Dosage and Administration ( 2.4 )]</span>.
5.6 Visual Disturbances ENSACOVE can cause visual disturbances including blurred vision, diplopia, photopsia, vitreous floaters, visual impairment, visual field defect, and reduced visual acuity. In the pooled safety population <span class="opacity-50 text-xs">[see Adverse Reactions ( 6.1 )]</span>, 8% of patients receiving ENSACOVE experienced visual disturbance, including 0.2% Grade 3. Visual disturbances led to dose interruption in 0.4% of patients. Obtain an ophthalmologic evaluation in patients with new or worsening visual symptoms during treatment with ENSACOVE. Withhold, reduce the dose, or permanently discontinue ENSACOVE based on severity <span class="opacity-50 text-xs">[see Dosage and Administration ( 2.4 )]</span>.
5.7 Increased Creatine Phosphokinase In the pooled safety population <span class="opacity-50 text-xs">[see Adverse Reactions ( 6.1 )]</span>, of the 203 patients with creatine phosphokinase (CPK) laboratory data available, increased CPK occurred in 43% of patients who received ENSACOVE. The incidence of Grade 3 increased CPK was 1.5% and 0.5% were Grade 4. The median time to onset of increased CPK was 123 days (range: 13 days to 22 months). Increased CPK leading to dose interruption occurred in 0.2% and dose reduction in 0.4%. Advise patients to report any unexplained muscle pain, tenderness, or weakness. Monitor CPK levels during treatment with ENSACOVE. Withhold, reduce the dose, or permanently discontinue ENSACOVE based on severity <span class="opacity-50 text-xs">[see Dosage and Administration ( 2.4 ), Adverse Reactions ( 6.1 )]</span>.
5.8 Hyperuricemia ENSACOVE can cause hyperuricemia. In the pooled safety population <span class="opacity-50 text-xs">[see Adverse Reactions ( 6.1 )]</span>, based on adverse reactions, 6% of patients experienced hyperuricemia, with 0.4% Grade 3 and 0.7% Grade 4. Nine patients (1.9%) required hydration and two patients (0.4%) required urate-lowering medication. Monitor serum uric acid levels prior to initiating ENSACOVE and periodically during treatment. Initiate treatment with urate-lowering medications as clinically indicated. Withhold, reduce the dose, or permanently discontinue ENSACOVE based on severity <span class="opacity-50 text-xs">[see Dosage and Administration ( 2.4 )]</span>.
5.9 Embryo-Fetal Toxicity Based on findings from animal studies and its mechanism of action, ENSACOVE can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. In embryo-fetal developmental studies, oral administration of ensartinib to pregnant rats during the period of organogenesis caused adverse developmental outcomes, including embryo-fetal mortality, alterations to growth, and structural abnormalities. Adverse embryo-fetal findings were seen at maternal exposures approximately equivalent to the human exposure at the recommended dose of 225 mg/day based on area under the curve (AUC). Advise pregnant women and females of reproductive potential of the potential risk to a fetus. Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with ENSACOVE and for 1 week after the last dose. Advise males with female partners of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with ENSACOVE and for 1 week after the last dose <span class="opacity-50 text-xs">[see Use in Specific Populations ( 8.1 , 8.3 ) and Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.1 )]</span>.
5.10 FD&C Yellow No. 5 (Tartrazine) This product contains FD&C Yellow No. 5 (tartrazine) which may cause allergic-type reactions (including bronchial asthma) in certain susceptible persons. Although the overall incidence of FD&C Yellow No. 5 (tartrazine) sensitivity in the general population is low, it is frequently seen in patients who also have aspirin hypersensitivity.