FAMOTIDINE: 8,347 Adverse Event Reports & Safety Profile

Ibuprofen and famotidine tablets are supplied as a tablet for oral administration which combines the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, ibuprofen, and the histamine H 2 -receptor antagonist, famotidine. Ibuprofen, USP is (±)-2-( p- isobutylphenyl)propionic acid. Its chemical formula is C 13 H 18 O 2 and molecular weight is 206.28. Ibuprofen, USP is a white to off-white, crystalline powder, having a slight, characteristic odor, that is very soluble in alcohol, in methanol, in acetone and in chloroform; slightly soluble in ethyl acetate and practically insoluble in water. Its structural formula is: Famotidine, USP is N'- (aminosulfonyl)-3-[[[2-[(diaminomethylene)amino]-4-thiazolyl]methyl]thio]propanimidamide. Its chemical formula is C 8 H 15 N 7 O 2 S 3 and molecular weight is 337.45. Famotidine, USP is a white to pale yellowish white crystalline powder that is freely soluble in dimethyl formamide, glacial acetic acid, slightly soluble in methanol, very slightly soluble in water, practically insoluble in acetone, in alcohol, in chloroform, in ether and in ethyl acetate. Its structural formula is: Each ibuprofen and famotidine tablet contains ibuprofen, USP (800 mg) and famotidine, USP (26.6 mg). The inactive ingredients in ibuprofen and famotidine tablets include: colloidal silicon dioxide, croscarmellose sodium, hydroxypropyl cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, palmitic acid, polyethylene glycol, polysorbate 80, polyvinyl alcohol, povidone, stearic acid, talc and titanium dioxide. The imprinting ink contains black iron oxide, propylene glycol and shellac glaze in ethanol.

Chemical Structure Chemical

Structure

INDICATIONS AND USAGE Famotidine injection, USP supplied as a concentrated solution for intravenous injection, is intended for intravenous use only. Famotidine injection, USP is indicated in some hospitalized patients with pathological hypersecretory conditions or intractable ulcers, or as an alternative to the oral dosage forms for short term use in patients who are unable to take oral medication for the following conditions: 1. Short term treatment of active duodenal ulcer. Most adult patients heal within 4 weeks; there is rarely reason to use famotidine at full dosage for longer than 6 to 8 weeks. Studies have not assessed the safety of famotidine in uncomplicated active duodenal ulcer for periods of more than eight weeks. 2. Maintenance therapy for duodenal ulcer patients at reduced dosage after healing of an active ulcer. Controlled studies in adults have not extended beyond one year. 3. Short term treatment of active benign gastric ulcer. Most adult patients heal within 6 weeks. Studies have not assessed the safety or efficacy of famotidine in uncomplicated active benign gastric ulcer for periods of more than 8 weeks. 4. Short term treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Famotidine is indicated for short term treatment of patients with symptoms of GERD (see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY IN ADULTS, Clinical Studies ). Famotidine is also indicated for the short term treatment of esophagitis due to GERD including erosive or ulcerative disease diagnosed by endoscopy (see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY IN ADULTS, Clinical Studies ). 5. Treatment of pathological hypersecretory conditions (e.g., Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome, multiple endocrine adenomas) (see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY IN ADULTS, Clinical Studies ).

AND ADMINISTRATION Recommended adult dosage by indication (2.1) : Active DU 40 mg once daily; or 20 mg twice daily Active GU 40 mg once daily Symptomatic Nonerosive GERD 20 mg twice daily Erosive Esophagitis due to GERD 20 mg twice daily; or 40 mg twice daily Pathological Hypersecretory Conditions 20 mg every 6 hours; adjust to patient needs; maximum 160 mg every 6 hours Risk Reduction of DU Recurrence 20 mg once daily Recommended pediatric dosage by indication (2.2) : Peptic Ulcer Disease 1 year to less than 17 years Starting dosage 0.5 mg/kg once daily; or 0.25 mg/kg twice daily; may increase to 1 mg/kg once daily at bedtime or 0.5 mg/kg twice daily; Maximum of 40 mg per day GERD Birth to less than 3 months Starting dosage 0.5 mg/kg once daily; may increase to 1 mg/kg once daily 3 months to less than 1 year Starting dosage 0.5 mg/kg twice daily; may increase to 1 mg/kg twice daily; Maximum of 40 mg per day GERD with or without esophagitis and ulcerations 1 year to less than 17 years 0.5 mg/kg twice daily Maximum of 40 mg twice daily See full prescribing information for complete dosing information in adults and pediatrics, recommended treatment duration by indication, and dosage adjustment for adult patients with renal impairment. (2.1 , 2.2 , 2.3) Administration (2.3) : Take once daily before bedtime or twice daily in the morning and before bedtime with or without food.

2.1 Recommended Dosage in Adults The recommended dosage and duration of Famotidine for oral suspension in adults with normal renal function is shown in Table 1.

Table

1: Recommended Dosage and Duration of Famotidine for Oral Suspension a in Adults with Normal Renal Function Indication Recommended Dosage Recommended Duration Active DU 40 mg once daily; or 20 mg twice daily b Up to 8 weeks c,d Active GU 40 mg once daily Up to 8 weeks d Symptomatic nonerosive GERD 20 mg twice daily Up to 6 weeks d Erosive esophagitis due to GERD, diagnosed by endoscopy 20 mg twice daily; or 40 mg twice daily b Up to 12 weeks Pathological hypersecretory conditions Starting dosage: 20 mg every 6 hours; adjust dosage to individual patient needs Maximum dosage 160 mg every 6 hours As clinically indicated Reduction of the risk of DU recurrence 20 mg once daily 1 year c,d or as clinically indicated a After preparation, the concentration of famotidine oral suspension is 8 mg/mL [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION (2.3) ] b Both dosages demonstrated effectiveness in clinical trials [see CLINICAL STUDIES (14) ]. c In clinical trials, the majority of patients healed within 4 weeks. For patients who do not heal after 4 weeks, consider an additional 2 to 4 weeks of treatment [see CLINICAL STUDIES (14.1) ]. d Longer treatment durations have not been studied in clinical trials [see CLINICAL STUDIES (14.1 , 14.2 , 14.3) ].

2.2 Recommended Dosage in Pediatric Patients The recommended dosage and duration of famotidine for oral suspension in pediatric patients with normal renal function is shown in Table 2.

Table

2: Recommended Dosage and Duration of Famotidine for Oral Suspension a in Pediatric Patients with Normal Renal Function Indication Pediatric Age Range Recommended Dosage a Duration Peptic Ulcer Disease 1 year to less than 17 years Starting dosage 0.5 mg/kg once daily; or 0.25 mg/kg twice daily. May increase to 1 mg/kg once daily at bedtime or 0.5 mg/ kg twice daily Maximum of 40 mg per day 8 weeks b GERD Birth to less than 3 months Starting dosage 0.5 mg/kg once daily. May increase to 1 mg/kg once daily b Up to 8 weeks b,c,d 3 months to less than 1 year Starting dosage 0.5 mg/kg twice daily. May increase to 1 mg/kg twice daily c Maximum of 40 mg per day GERD with or without esophagitis and ulcerations 1 year to less than 17 years 0.5 mg/kg twice daily Maximum of 40 mg twice daily 6 to 12 weeks b a After preparation, the concentration of famotidine oral suspension is 8 mg/mL [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION (2.3) ] b Treatment duration based on adult recommendations (see Table 1). Individualize the dose and duration based upon clinical response an/or pH determinations (gastric or esophageal) and endoscopy. c Use conservative measures (e.g., thickened feedings) concurrently [see USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS (8.4) ]. d After 4 weeks of treatment re-evaluate the patient. Consider an additional 4 weeks of treatment if treatment benefit outweighs potential risks.

2.3 Recommended Dosage in Adults with Renal Impairment Recommended dosage adjustments for adults with moderate to severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance less than 60 mL/min) by indication are shown in Table 3. Use the lowest effective dosage <span class="opacity-50 text-xs">[see USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS (8.6) ]</span>. A safe and effective dosage has not been established in pediatric patients with renal impairment.

Table

3: Recommended Maximum Dosage of Famotidine for Oral Suspension in Adults with Moderate and Severe Renal Impairment Indication Recommended Maximum Dosages Creatinine clearance 30 to 60 mL/minute Creatinine clearance less than 30 mL/minute Active DU 20 mg once daily; or 40 mg every other day 10 mg once daily; or 20 mg every other day Active GU 20 mg once daily; or 40 mg every other day 10 mg once daily; or 20 mg every other day Symptomatic nonerosive GERD 20 mg once daily 10 mg once daily; or 20 mg every other day Erosive esophagitis due to GERD, diagnosed by endoscopy a 20 mg once daily; or 40 mg every other day b 40 mg once daily b 10 mg once daily; or 20 mg every other day b 20 mg once daily b Pathological hypersecretory conditions Avoid use b Reduction of the risk of DU recurrence 10 mg once daily; or 20 mg every other day 10 mg every other day a Dosage adjustments for renal impairment are provided for both dosing regimens (20 mg twice daily and 40 mg twice daily) which showed effectiveness for the treatment of erosive esophagitis in clinical trials [see CLINICAL STUDIES (14.4)]. b The dosage required to treat pathological hypersecretory conditions may exceed the maximum dosage evaluated in patients with impaired renal function. The risk for increased adverse reactions in renally impaired patients treated with famotidine for oral suspension for pathological hypersecretory conditions is unknown.

2.4 Administration Instructions Preparation of Constituted Suspension by a Healthcare Provider Prior to Dispensing Prior to dispensing, constitute famotidine for oral suspension by slowly adding 46 mL of Purified Water to the bottle. Shake vigorously for 5 to 10 seconds immediately after adding the water. The constituted suspension contains 40 mg of famotidine per 5 mL, and should be a smooth, mobile, white to off-white, and homogeneous suspension. Administration and Storage of Constituted Suspension Shake the bottle of constituted famotidine for oral suspension vigorously for 5 to 10 seconds prior to each use. Take famotidine for oral suspension once daily before bedtime or twice daily in the morning and before bedtime, as recommended. Famotidine for oral suspension may be taken with or without food <span class="opacity-50 text-xs">[see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY (12.3) ]</span> . Famotidine for oral suspension may be given with antacids. Store the constituted suspension at 25°C (77°F). Protect from freezing. Discard unused constituted suspension after 30 days.

2.1 Recommended Dosage in Adults The recommended dosage and duration of Famotidine for oral suspension in adults with normal renal function is shown in Table 1.

Table

1: Recommended Dosage and Duration of Famotidine for Oral Suspension a in Adults with Normal Renal Function Indication Recommended Dosage Recommended Duration Active DU 40 mg once daily; or 20 mg twice daily b Up to 8 weeks c,d Active GU 40 mg once daily Up to 8 weeks d Symptomatic nonerosive GERD 20 mg twice daily Up to 6 weeks d Erosive esophagitis due to GERD, diagnosed by endoscopy 20 mg twice daily; or 40 mg twice daily b Up to 12 weeks Pathological hypersecretory conditions Starting dosage: 20 mg every 6 hours; adjust dosage to individual patient needs Maximum dosage 160 mg every 6 hours As clinically indicated Reduction of the risk of DU recurrence 20 mg once daily 1 year c,d or as clinically indicated a After preparation, the concentration of famotidine oral suspension is 8 mg/mL [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION (2.3) ] b Both dosages demonstrated effectiveness in clinical trials [see CLINICAL STUDIES (14) ]. c In clinical trials, the majority of patients healed within 4 weeks. For patients who do not heal after 4 weeks, consider an additional 2 to 4 weeks of treatment [see CLINICAL STUDIES (14.1) ]. d Longer treatment durations have not been studied in clinical trials [see CLINICAL STUDIES (14.1 , 14.2 , 14.3) ].

2.2 Recommended Dosage in Pediatric Patients The recommended dosage and duration of famotidine for oral suspension in pediatric patients with normal renal function is shown in Table 2.

Table

2: Recommended Dosage and Duration of Famotidine for Oral Suspension a in Pediatric Patients with Normal Renal Function Indication Pediatric Age Range Recommended Dosage a Duration Peptic Ulcer Disease 1 year to less than 17 years Starting dosage 0.5 mg/kg once daily; or 0.25 mg/kg twice daily. May increase to 1 mg/kg once daily at bedtime or 0.5 mg/ kg twice daily Maximum of 40 mg per day 8 weeks b GERD Birth to less than 3 months Starting dosage 0.5 mg/kg once daily. May increase to 1 mg/kg once daily b Up to 8 weeks b,c,d 3 months to less than 1 year Starting dosage 0.5 mg/kg twice daily. May increase to 1 mg/kg twice daily c Maximum of 40 mg per day GERD with or without esophagitis and ulcerations 1 year to less than 17 years 0.5 mg/kg twice daily Maximum of 40 mg twice daily 6 to 12 weeks b a After preparation, the concentration of famotidine oral suspension is 8 mg/mL [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION (2.3) ] b Treatment duration based on adult recommendations (see Table 1). Individualize the dose and duration based upon clinical response an/or pH determinations (gastric or esophageal) and endoscopy. c Use conservative measures (e.g., thickened feedings) concurrently [see USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS (8.4) ]. d After 4 weeks of treatment re-evaluate the patient. Consider an additional 4 weeks of treatment if treatment benefit outweighs potential risks.

2.3 Recommended Dosage in Adults with Renal Impairment Recommended dosage adjustments for adults with moderate to severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance less than 60 mL/min) by indication are shown in Table 3. Use the lowest effective dosage <span class="opacity-50 text-xs">[see USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS (8.6) ]</span>. A safe and effective dosage has not been established in pediatric patients with renal impairment.

Table

3: Recommended Maximum Dosage of Famotidine for Oral Suspension in Adults with Moderate and Severe Renal Impairment Indication Recommended Maximum Dosages Creatinine clearance 30 to 60 mL/minute Creatinine clearance less than 30 mL/minute Active DU 20 mg once daily; or 40 mg every other day 10 mg once daily; or 20 mg every other day Active GU 20 mg once daily; or 40 mg every other day 10 mg once daily; or 20 mg every other day Symptomatic nonerosive GERD 20 mg once daily 10 mg once daily; or 20 mg every other day Erosive esophagitis due to GERD, diagnosed by endoscopy a 20 mg once daily; or 40 mg every other day b 40 mg once daily b 10 mg once daily; or 20 mg every other day b 20 mg once daily b Pathological hypersecretory conditions Avoid use b Reduction of the risk of DU recurrence 10 mg once daily; or 20 mg every other day 10 mg every other day a Dosage adjustments for renal impairment are provided for both dosing regimens (20 mg twice daily and 40 mg twice daily) which showed effectiveness for the treatment of erosive esophagitis in clinical trials [see CLINICAL STUDIES (14.4)]. b The dosage required to treat pathological hypersecretory conditions may exceed the maximum dosage evaluated in patients with impaired renal function. The risk for increased adverse reactions in renally impaired patients treated with famotidine for oral suspension for pathological hypersecretory conditions is unknown.

2.4 Administration Instructions Preparation of Constituted Suspension by a Healthcare Provider Prior to Dispensing Prior to dispensing, constitute famotidine for oral suspension by slowly adding 46 mL of Purified Water to the bottle. Shake vigorously for 5 to 10 seconds immediately after adding the water. The constituted suspension contains 40 mg of famotidine per 5 mL, and should be a smooth, mobile, white to off-white, and homogeneous suspension. Administration and Storage of Constituted Suspension Shake the bottle of constituted famotidine for oral suspension vigorously for 5 to 10 seconds prior to each use. Take famotidine for oral suspension once daily before bedtime or twice daily in the morning and before bedtime, as recommended. Famotidine for oral suspension may be taken with or without food <span class="opacity-50 text-xs">[see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY (12.3) ]</span> . Famotidine for oral suspension may be given with antacids. Store the constituted suspension at 25°C (77°F). Protect from freezing. Discard unused constituted suspension after 30 days.

Ibuprofen and famotidine tablet is contraindicated in the following patients:

• Known hypersensitivity (e.g., anaphylactic reactions and serious skin reactions) to ibuprofen or famotidine or any components of the drug product [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.8 , 5.11 )] .
• History of asthma, urticaria, or other allergic-type reactions after taking aspirin or other NSAIDs. Severe, sometimes fatal, anaphylactic reactions to NSAIDs have been reported in such patients [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.8 , 5.10 )] .
• In the setting of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )] .
• Ibuprofen and famotidine tablet should not be administered to patients with a history of hypersensitivity to other H 2 -receptor antagonists. Cross sensitivity with other H 2 -receptor antagonists has been observed.
• Known hypersensitivity to ibuprofen or famotidine or any components of the drug product. ( 4 )
• History of asthma, urticaria, or allergic-type reactions after taking aspirin or other NSAIDs. ( 4 )
• In the setting of CABG surgery. ( 4 )
• Known hypersensitivity to other H 2 -receptor antagonists. ( 4 )

REACTIONS The following serious adverse reactions are discussed in greater detail in other sections of the labeling:

• Cardiovascular Thrombotic Events [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )]
• GI Bleeding, Ulceration, and Perforation [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.2 )]
• Hepatotoxicity [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.4 )]
• Hypertension [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.5 )]
• Heart Failure and Edema [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.6 )]
• Renal Toxicity and Hyperkalemia [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.7 )]
• Anaphylactic Reactions [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.8 )]
• Seizures [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.9 )]
• Serious Skin Reactions [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.11 )]
• Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.12 )]
• Fetal Toxicity [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.13 )]
• Hematologic Toxicity [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.14 )]
• Aseptic Meningitis [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.18 )]
• Ophthalmological Effects [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.19 )] Most common adverse reactions (≥1% and greater than ibuprofen alone) are nausea, diarrhea, constipation, upper abdominal pain, and headache. ( 6.1 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Ascend Laboratories, LLC at 1-877-272-7901 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch.

6.1 Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. The safety of ibuprofen and famotidine tablet was evaluated in 1022 patients in controlled clinical studies, including 508 patients treated for at least 6 months and 107 patients treated for approximately 1 year. Patients treated with ibuprofen and famotidine tablet ranged in age from 39 to 80 years (median age 55 years), with 67% female, 79% Caucasian, 18% African-American, and 3% other races. Two randomized, active-controlled clinical studies (Study 301 and Study 303) were conducted for the reduction of the risk of development of ibuprofen-associated, upper gastrointestinal ulcers in patients who required use of ibuprofen, which included 1022 patients on ibuprofen and famotidine tablet and 511 patients on ibuprofen alone.

Approximately

15% of patients were on low-dose aspirin. Patients were assigned randomly, in a 2:1 ratio, to treatment with either ibuprofen and famotidine tablet or ibuprofen 800 mg three times a day for 24 consecutive weeks. Three serious cases of acute renal failure were observed in patients treated with ibuprofen and famotidine tablet in the two controlled clinical trials. All three patients recovered to baseline levels after discontinuation of ibuprofen and famotidine tablet. Additionally, increases in serum creatinine were observed in both treatment arms in the two clinical studies. Many of these patients were taking concomitant diuretics and/or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, or angiotensin receptor blockers. There were patients with a normal baseline serum creatinine level who developed abnormal values in the controlled trials as presented in Table 1.

Table

1: Shift Table of Serum Creatinine, Normal** to Abnormal*** in Controlled Studies Study 301 Study 303 Baseline Post-Baseline* Ibuprofen and famotidine tablet N=414 % (n) Ibuprofen N=207 % (n) Ibuprofen and famotidine tablet N=598 % (n) Ibuprofen N=296 % (n) Normal** Abnormal*** 4% (17) 2% (4) 2%(15) 4% (12) *At any point after baseline level **serum creatinine normal range is 0.5 – 1.4 mg/dL or 44-124 micromol/L *** serum creatinine >1.4 mg/dL Most Commonly Reported Adverse Reactions The most common adverse reactions (≥2%), from pooled data from the two controlled studies are presented in Table 2.

Table

2: Incidence of Adverse Reactions in Controlled Studies Ibuprofen and famotidine tablet N=1022 Ibuprofen N=511 % % Blood and lymphatic system disorders Anemia 2 1 Gastrointestinal disorders Nausea 6 5 Dyspepsia 5 8 Diarrhea 5 4 Constipation 4 4 Abdominal pain upper 3 3 Gastroesophageal reflux disease 2 3 Vomiting 2 2 Stomach discomfort 2 2 Abdominal pain 2 2 General disorders and administration site conditions Edema peripheral 2 2 Infections and infestations Upper respiratory tract infection 4 4 Nasopharyngitis 2 3 Sinusitis 2 3 Bronchitis 2 1 Urinary tract infection 2 2 Influenza 2 2 Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders Arthralgia 1 2 Back pain 2 1 Nervous system disorders Headache 3 3 Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders Cough 2 2 Pharyngolaryngeal pain 2 1 Vascular disorders Hypertension 3 2 In controlled clinical studies, the discontinuation rate due to adverse events for patients receiving ibuprofen and famotidine tablet and ibuprofen alone were similar. The most common adverse reactions leading to discontinuation from ibuprofen and famotidine tablet therapy were nausea (0.9%) and upper abdominal pain (0.9%). There were no differences in types of related adverse reactions seen during maintenance treatment up to 12 months compared to short-term treatment.

6.2 Postmarketing Experience Ibuprofen Skin and Appendages : exfoliative dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS), toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), and fixed drug eruption (FDE). The following adverse reactions have been identified during post-approval use of ibuprofen. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure. These reports are listed below by body system: Cardiac disorders : myocardial infarction Gastrointestinal disorders : nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain General disorders and administration site conditions : pyrexia, pain, fatigue, asthenia, chest pain, drug ineffective, edema peripheral Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders : arthralgia Nervous system disorders : headache, dizziness Psychiatric disorders : depression, anxiety Renal and urinary disorders : renal failure acute Respiratory, thoracic, and mediastinal disorders : dyspnea Vascular disorders : hypertension Famotidine The following adverse reactions have been identified during post-approval use of famotidine. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure. These reports are listed below by body system: Blood and lymphatic system disorders : anemia, thrombocytopenia Gastrointestinal disorders : nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain General disorders and administration site conditions : pyrexia, condition aggravated, asthenia, drug ineffective, chest pain, fatigue, pain, edema peripheral Hepatobiliary disorders : hepatic function abnormal Infections and infestations : pneumonia, sepsis Investigations : platelet count decreased, aspartate aminotransferase increased, alanine aminotransferase increased, hemoglobin decreased Metabolism and nutrition disorders : decreased appetite Nervous system disorders : dizziness, headache Respiratory, thoracic, and mediastinal disorders: dyspnea Vascular disorders : hypotension

AND PRECAUTIONS Hepatotoxicity: Inform patients of warning signs and symptoms of hepatotoxicity. Discontinue if abnormal liver tests persist or worsen or if clinical signs and symptoms of liver disease develop. ( 5.4 ) Hypertension: Patients taking some antihypertensive medications may have impaired response to these therapies when taking NSAIDs. Monitor blood pressure. ( 5.5 , 7 )

Heart

Failure and Edema: Avoid use of ibuprofen and famotidine tablets in patients with severe heart failure unless benefits are expected to outweigh risk of worsening heart failure. ( 5.6 )

Active

Bleeding: Active and clinically significant bleeding from any source can occur; discontinue ibuprofen and famotidine tablets if active bleeding occurs. ( 5.3 )

Renal

Toxicity: Monitor renal function in patients with renal or hepatic impairment, heart failure, dehydration or hypovolemia. Avoid use of ibuprofen and famotidine tablets in patients with advanced renal disease unless benefits are expected to outweigh risk of worsening renal function. ( 5.7 )

Anaphylactic

Reactions: Seek emergency help if an anaphylactic reaction occurs. ( 5.8 ) Exacerbation of Asthma Related to Aspirin Sensitivity: Ibuprofen and famotidine tablets are contraindicated in patients with aspirin-sensitive asthma. Monitor patients with preexisting asthma (without aspirin-sensitivity). ( 5.10 )

Serious Skin

Reactions: Discontinue ibuprofen and famotidine tablets at first appearance of skin rash or other signs of hypersensitivity ( 5.11 ).

Drug

Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systematic Symptoms (DRESS): Discontinue and evaluate clinically ( 5.12 ).

Fetal

Toxicity: Limit use of NSAIDs, including Ibuprofen and famotidine tablets, between about 20 weeks to 30 weeks in pregnancy due to the risk of oligohydramnios/fetal renal dysfunction. Avoid use of NSAIDs in women at about 30 weeks gestation and later in pregnancy due to the risks of oligohydramnios/fetal renal dysfunction and premature closure of the fetal ductus arteriosus. ( 5.13 , 8.1 )

Hematologic

Toxicity: Monitor hemoglobin or hematocrit in patient with any signs or symptoms of anemia. ( 5.14 )

5.1 Cardiovascular Thrombotic Events Clinical trials of several COX-2 selective and nonselective NSAIDs of up to three years duration have shown an increased risk of serious cardiovascular (CV) thrombotic events, including myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke, which can be fatal. Based on available data, it is unclear that the risk for CV thrombotic events is similar for all NSAIDS. The relative increase in serious CV thrombotic events over baseline conferred by NSAID use appears to be similar in those with and without known CV disease or risk factors for CV disease. However, patients with known CV disease or risk factors had a higher absolute incidence of excess serious CV thrombotic events, due to their increased baseline rate. Some observational studies found that this increased risk of serious CV thrombotic events began as early as the first weeks of treatment. The increase in CV thrombotic risk has been observed most consistently at higher doses. To minimize the potential risk for an adverse CV event in NSAID-treated patients, use the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration possible. Physicians and patients should remain alert for the development of such events, throughout the entire treatment course, even in the absence of previous CV symptoms. Patients should be informed about the symptoms of serious CV events and the steps to take if they occur. There is no consistent evidence that concurrent use of aspirin mitigates the increased risk of serious CV thrombotic events associated with NSAID use. The concurrent use of aspirin and an NSAID, such as ibuprofen, increases the risk of serious gastrointestinal GI events <span class="opacity-50 text-xs">[see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.2 )]</span>.

Status Post Coronary Artery Bypass

Graft (CABG)

Surgery

Two large, controlled, clinical trials of a COX-2 selective NSAID for the treatment of pain in the first 10 days to 14 days following CABG surgery found an increased incidence of myocardial infarction and stroke. NSAIDs are contraindicated in the setting of CABG [see Contraindications ( 4 )]. Post-MI Patients Observational studies conducted in the Danish National Registry have demonstrated that patients treated with NSAIDs in the post-MI period were at increased risk of reinfarction, CV-related death and all-cause mortality beginning in the first week of treatment. In this same cohort, the incidence of death in the first year post-MI was 20 per 100 person years in NSAID-treated patients compared to 12 per 100 person years in non-NSAID exposed patients. Although the absolute rate of death declined somewhat after the first year post-MI, the increased relative risk of death in NSAID users persisted over at least the next four years of follow-up. Avoid the use of ibuprofen and famotidine tablets in patients with a recent MI unless the benefits are expected to outweigh the risk of recurrent CV thrombotic events. If ibuprofen and famotidine tablets are used in patients with a recent MI, monitor patients for signs of cardiac ischemia.

5.2 Gastrointestinal Bleeding, Ulceration and Perforation NSAIDs, including ibuprofen, cause serious gastrointestinal (GI) adverse events including inflammation, bleeding, ulceration and perforation of the esophagus, stomach, small intestine or large intestine, which can be fatal. These serious adverse events can occur at any time, with or without warning symptoms, in patients treated with NSAIDS. Only one in five patients who develop a serious upper GI adverse event on NSAID therapy is symptomatic. Upper GI ulcers, gross bleeding or perforation caused by NSAIDs occurred in approximately 1% of patients treated for 3 months to 6 months and in about 2% to 4% of patients treated for one year. However, even short-term NSAID therapy is not without risk.

Risk

Factors for GI Bleeding, Ulceration and Perforation Patients with a prior history of peptic ulcer disease and/or GI bleeding who used NSAIDs had a greater than 10-fold increased risk for developing a GI bleed compared to patients without these risk factors. Other factors that increase the risk of GI bleeding in patients treated with NSAIDs include longer duration of NSAID therapy; concomitant use of oral corticosteroids, aspirin, anticoagulants or selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs); smoking; use of alcohol; older age and poor general health status. Most postmarketing reports of fatal GI events occurred in elderly or debilitated patients. Additionally, patients with advanced liver disease and/or coagulopathy are at increased risk for GI bleeding. NSAIDs should be given with care to patients with a history of inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease) as their condition may be exacerbated. Strategies to Minimize the GI Risks in NSAID-treated patients: Use the lowest effective dosage for the shortest possible duration. Avoid administration of more than one NSAID at a time. Avoid use in patients at higher risk unless benefits are expected to outweigh the increased risk of bleeding. For such patients, as well as those with active GI bleeding, consider alternate therapies other than NSAIDs. Remain alert for signs and symptoms of GI ulceration and bleeding during NSAID therapy. If a serious GI adverse event is suspected, promptly initiate evaluation and treatment and discontinue ibuprofen and famotidine tablets until a serious GI adverse event is ruled out. In the setting of concomitant use of low-dose aspirin for cardiac prophylaxis, monitor patients more closely for evidence of GI bleeding [see Drug Interactions ( 7 )].

5.3 Active Bleeding When active and clinically significant bleeding from any source occurs in patients receiving ibuprofen and famotidine tablets, the treatment should be withdrawn. Patients with initial hemoglobin values of 10 g or less who are to receive long-term therapy should have hemoglobin values determined periodically.

5.4 Hepatotoxicity Elevations of ALT or AST (three or more times the upper limit of normal [ULN]) have been reported in approximately 1% of NSAID-treated patients in clinical trials. In addition, rare, sometimes fatal, cases of severe hepatic injury, including fulminant hepatitis, liver necrosis and hepatic failure have been reported. Elevations of ALT or AST (less than three times ULN) may occur in up to 15% of patients treated with NSAIDs including ibuprofen. Inform patients of the warning signs and symptoms of hepatotoxicity (e.g., nausea, fatigue, lethargy, diarrhea, pruritus, jaundice, right upper quadrant tenderness and &quot;flu-like&quot; symptoms). If clinical signs and symptoms consistent with liver disease develop, or if systemic manifestations occur (e.g., eosinophilia, rash, etc.), discontinue ibuprofen and famotidine tablets immediately and perform a clinical evaluation of the patient.

5.5 Hypertension NSAIDs, including ibuprofen and famotidine tablets, can lead to new onset of hypertension or worsening of pre-existing hypertension, either of which may contribute to the increased incidence of CV events. Patients taking angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, thiazide diuretics or loop diuretics may have impaired response to these therapies when taking NSAIDs <span class="opacity-50 text-xs">[see Drug Interactions ( 7 )]</span>. Monitor blood pressure (BP) during the initiation of NSAID treatment and throughout the course of therapy.

5.6 Heart Failure and Edema The Coxib and traditional NSAID Trialists&apos; Collaboration meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials demonstrated an approximately two-fold increase in hospitalizations for heart failure in COX-2 selective treated patients and nonselective NSAID-treated patients compared to placebo-treated patients. In a Danish National Registry study of patients with heart failure, NSAID use increased the risk of MI, hospitalization for heart failure and death. Additionally, fluid retention and edema have been observed in some patients treated with NSAIDs. Use of ibuprofen may blunt the CV effects of several therapeutic agents used to treat these medical conditions (e.g., diuretics, ACE inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers [ARBs]) <span class="opacity-50 text-xs">[see Drug Interactions ( 7 )]</span>. Avoid the use of ibuprofen and famotidine tablets in patients with severe heart failure unless the benefits are expected to outweigh the risk of worsening heart failure. If ibuprofen and famotidine tablets are used in patients with severe heart failure, monitor patients for signs and symptoms of worsening heart failure.

5.7 Renal Toxicity and Hyperkalemia Renal Toxicity Long-term administration of NSAIDs has resulted in renal papillary necrosis and other renal injury. Renal toxicity has also been seen in patients in whom renal prostaglandins have a compensatory role in the maintenance of renal perfusion. In these patients, administration of an NSAID may cause a dose-dependent reduction in prostaglandin formation and, secondarily, in renal blood flow, which may precipitate overt renal decompensation. Patients at greatest risk of this reaction are those with impaired renal function, dehydration, hypovolemia, heart failure, liver dysfunction, those taking diuretics and ACE-inhibitors or ARBs and the elderly. Discontinuation of NSAID therapy was usually followed by recovery to the pretreatment state. No information is available from controlled clinical studies regarding the use of ibuprofen and famotidine tablets in patients with advanced renal disease. The renal effects of ibuprofen and famotidine tablets may hasten the progression of renal dysfunction in patients with pre-existing renal disease. Correct volume status in dehydrated or hypovolemic patients prior to initiating ibuprofen and famotidine tablets. Monitor renal function in patients with renal or hepatic impairment, heart failure, dehydration or hypovolemia during use of ibuprofen and famotidine tablets <span class="opacity-50 text-xs">[see Drug Interactions ( 7 )]</span>. Avoid the use of ibuprofen and famotidine tablets in patients with advanced renal disease unless the benefits are expected to outweigh the risk of worsening renal failure. If ibuprofen and famotidine tablets are used in patients with advanced renal disease, monitor patients for signs of worsening renal function.

Hyperkalemia

Increases in serum potassium concentration, including hyperkalemia, have been reported with use of NSAIDs, even in some patients without renal impairment. In patients with normal renal function, these effects have been attributed to a hyporeninemic-hypoaldosteronism state.

5.8 Anaphylactic Reactions Ibuprofen has been associated with anaphylactic reactions in patients with and without known hypersensitivity to ibuprofen and in patients with aspirin-sensitive asthma <span class="opacity-50 text-xs">[see Contraindications ( 4 ), Warnings and Precautions ( 5.8 )]</span>. Seek emergency help if an anaphylactic reaction occurs.

5.9 Seizures Central nervous system (CNS) adverse effects including seizures, delirium and coma have been reported with famotidine in patients with moderate (creatinine clearance &lt; 50 mL/min) and severe renal insufficiency (creatinine clearance &lt; 10 mL/min) and the dosage of the famotidine component in ibuprofen and famotidine tablets is fixed. Therefore, ibuprofen and famotidine tablets are not recommended in patients with creatinine clearance &lt; 50 mL/min.

5.10 Exacerbation of Asthma Related to Aspirin Sensitivity A subpopulation of patients with asthma may have aspirin-sensitive asthma which may include chronic rhinosinusitis complicated by nasal polyps; severe, potentially fatal bronchospasm and/or intolerance to aspirin and other NSAIDs. Because cross-reactivity between aspirin and other NSAIDs has been reported in such aspirin-sensitive patients, ibuprofen and famotidine tablets are contraindicated in patients with this form of aspirin sensitivity <span class="opacity-50 text-xs">[see Contraindications ( 4 )]</span> . When ibuprofen and famotidine tablets are used in patients with preexisting asthma (without known aspirin sensitivity), monitor patients for changes in the signs and symptoms of asthma.

5.11 Serious Skin Reactions NSAIDs, including ibuprofen, which is a component of ibuprofen and famotidine tablets, can cause serious skin adverse reactions such as exfoliative dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), which can be fatal. NSAIDs can also cause fixed drug eruption (FDE). FDE may present as a more severe variant known as generalized bullous fixed drug eruption (GBFDE), which can be life-threatening. These serious events may occur without warning. Inform patients about the signs and symptoms of serious skin reactions and to discontinue the use of ibuprofen and famotidine tablets at the first appearance of skin rash or any other sign of hypersensitivity. Ibuprofen and famotidine tablets are contraindicated in patients with previous serious skin reactions to NSAIDs <span class="opacity-50 text-xs">[see Contraindications ( 4 )]</span>.

5.12 Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS)

Drug

Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) has been reported in patients taking NSAIDs such as ibuprofen and famotidine tablets. Some of these events have been fatal or life-threatening. DRESS typically, although not exclusively, presents with fever, rash, lymphadenopathy and/or facial swelling. Other clinical manifestations may include hepatitis, nephritis, hematological abnormalities, myocarditis or myositis. Sometimes symptoms of DRESS may resemble an acute viral infection. Eosinophilia is often present. Because this disorder is variable in its presentation, other organ systems not noted here may be involved. It is important to note that early manifestations of hypersensitivity, such as fever or lymphadenopathy, may be present even though rash is not evident. If such signs or symptoms are present, discontinue ibuprofen and famotidine tablets and evaluate the patient immediately.

5.13 Fetal Toxicity Premature Closure of Fetal Ductus Arteriosus Avoid use of NSAIDs, including ibuprofen and famotidine tablets, in pregnant women at about 30 weeks gestation and later. NSAIDs, including ibuprofen and famotidine tablets, increase the risk of premature closure of the fetal ductus arteriosus at approximately this gestational age.

Oligohydramnios/Neonatal

Renal Impairment Use of NSAIDs, including ibuprofen and famotidine tablets, at about 20 weeks gestation or later in pregnancy may cause fetal renal dysfunction leading to oligohydramnios and, in some cases, neonatal renal impairment. These adverse outcomes are seen, on average, after days to weeks of treatment, although oligohydramnios has been infrequently reported as soon as 48 hours after NSAID initiation. Oligohydramnios is often, but not always, reversible with treatment discontinuation. Complications of prolonged oligohydramnios may, for example, include limb contractures and delayed lung maturation. In some postmarketing cases of impaired neonatal renal function, invasive procedures such as exchange transfusion or dialysis were required. If NSAID treatment is necessary between about 20 weeks and 30 weeks gestation, limit ibuprofen and famotidine tablets use to the lowest effective dose and shortest duration possible. Consider ultrasound monitoring of amniotic fluid if ibuprofen and famotidine tablets treatment is needed for a pregnant woman. Discontinue ibuprofen and famotidine tablets if oligohydramnios occurs and follow up according to clinical practice [see Use in Specific Populations ( 8.1 )].

5.14 Hematologic Toxicity Anemia has occurred in NSAID-treated patients. This may be due to occult or gross blood loss, fluid retention or an incompletely described effect on erythropoiesis. If a patient treated with ibuprofen and famotidine tablets has any signs or symptoms of anemia, monitor hemoglobin or hematocrit. NSAIDs, including ibuprofen and famotidine tablets, may increase the risk of bleeding events. Co-morbid conditions such as coagulation disorders or concomitant use of warfarin, and other anticoagulants, antiplatelet agents (e.g., aspirin), serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) may increase the risk. Monitor these patients for signs of bleeding <span class="opacity-50 text-xs">[see Drug Interactions ( 7 )]</span>.

5.15 Masking of Inflammation and Fever The pharmacological activity of ibuprofen and famotidine tablets in reducing inflammation and possibly fever, may diminish the utility of diagnostic signs in detecting infections.

5.16 Laboratory Monitoring Because serious GI bleeding, hepatotoxicity and renal injury can occur without warning symptoms or signs, consider monitoring patients on long-term NSAID treatment with a CBC and chemistry profile periodically <span class="opacity-50 text-xs">[see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.2 , 5.4 , 5.7 )]</span>.

5.17 Concomitant NSAID Use Ibuprofen and famotidine tablets contain ibuprofen as one of its active ingredients. It should not be used with other ibuprofen-containing products. The concomitant use of NSAIDs, including aspirin, with Ibuprofen and famotidine tablets may increase the risk of adverse reactions <span class="opacity-50 text-xs">[see Adverse Reactions ( 6 ), Drug Interactions ( 7 ), Clinical Studies ( 14 )]</span>.

5.18 Aseptic Meningitis Aseptic meningitis with fever and coma has been observed on rare occasions in patients on ibuprofen, which is a component of ibuprofen and famotidine tablets. Although it is probably more likely to occur in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and related connective tissue diseases, it has been reported in patients who do not have an underlying chronic disease. If signs or symptoms of meningitis develop in a patient on ibuprofen and famotidine tablets, the possibility of its being related to ibuprofen should be considered.

5.19 Ophthalmological Effects Blurred and/or diminished vision, scotomata and/or changes in color vision have been reported. If a patient develops such complaints while receiving ibuprofen and famotidine tablets, the drug should be discontinued and the patient should have an ophthalmologic examination which includes central visual fields and color vision testing.

PRECAUTIONS General Symptomatic response to therapy with Famotidine does not preclude the presence of gastric malignancy. Patients with Moderate or Severe Renal Insufficiency Since CNS adverse effects have been reported in patients with moderate and severe renal insufficiency, longer intervals between doses or lower doses may need to be used in patients with moderate (creatinine clearance <50 mL/min) or severe (creatinine clearance <10 mL/min) renal insufficiency to adjust for the longer elimination half-life of famotidine (see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY IN ADULTS and DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION ). Information for Patients The patient should be instructed to shake the oral suspension vigorously for 5 to 10 seconds prior to each use. Unused constituted oral suspension should be discarded after 30 days.

Drug

Interactions No drug interactions have been identified. Studies with famotidine in man, in animal models, and in vitro have shown no significant interference with the disposition of compounds metabolized by the hepatic microsomal enzymes, e.g., cytochrome P450 system. Compounds tested in man include warfarin, theophylline, phenytoin, diazepam, aminopyrine and antipyrine. Indocyanine green as an index of hepatic drug extraction has been tested and no significant effects have been found. Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility In a 106 week study in rats and a 92-week study in mice given oral doses of up to 2000 mg/kg/day (approximately 2500 times the recommended human dose for active duodenal ulcer), there was no evidence of carcinogenic potential for Famotidine. Famotidine was negative in the microbial mutagen test (Ames test) using Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli with or without rat liver enzyme activation at concentrations up to 10,000 mcg/plate. In in vivo studies in mice, with a micronucleus test and a chromosomal aberration test, no evidence of a mutagenic effect was observed. In studies with rats given oral doses of up to 2000 mg/kg/day or intravenous doses of up to 200 mg/kg/day, fertility and reproductive performance were not affected.

Pregnancy Pregnancy

Category B Reproductive studies have been performed in rats and rabbits at oral doses of up to 2000 and 500 mg/kg/day, respectively, and in both species at I.V. doses of up to 200 mg/kg/day, and have revealed no significant evidence of impaired fertility or harm to the fetus due to Famotidine. While no direct fetotoxic effects have been observed, sporadic abortions occurring only in mothers displaying marked decreased food intake were seen in some rabbits at oral doses of 200 mg/kg/day (250 times the usual human dose) or higher. There are, however, no adequate or well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Because animal reproductive studies are not always predictive of human response, this drug should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed.

Nursing Mothers

Studies performed in lactating rats have shown that famotidine is secreted into breast milk. Transient growth depression was observed in young rats suckling from mothers treated with maternotoxic doses of at least 600 times the usual human dose. Famotidine is detectable in human milk. Because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in nursing infants from Famotidine, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.

Pediatric

Patients <1 year of age Use of Famotidine in pediatric patients <1 year of age is supported by evidence from adequate and well controlled studies of Famotidine in adults, and by the following studies in pediatric patients <1 year of age. Two pharmacokinetic studies in pediatric patients <1 year of age (N=48) demonstrated that clearance of famotidine in patients >3 months to 1 year of age is similar to that seen in older pediatric patients (1 to 15 years of age) and adults. In contrast, pediatric patients 0 to 3 months of age had famotidine clearance values that were 2- to 4-fold less than those in older pediatric patients and adults. These studies also show that the mean bioavailability in pediatric patients <1 year of age after oral dosing is similar to older pediatric patients and adults. Pharmacodynamic data in pediatric patients 0 to 3 months of age suggest that the duration of acid suppression is longer compared with older pediatric patients, consistent with the longer famotidine half-life in pediatric patients 0 to 3 months of age. (See CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS , Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics ) In a double-blind, randomized, treatment-withdrawal study, 35 pediatric patients <1 year of age who were diagnosed as having gastroesophageal reflux disease were treated for up to 4 weeks with famotidine oral suspension (0.5 mg/kg/dose or 1 mg/kg/dose). Although an intravenous famotidine formulation was available, no patients were treated with intravenous famotidine in this study. Also, caregivers were instructed to provide conservative treatment including thickened feedings. Enrolled patients were diagnosed primarily by history of vomiting (spitting up) and irritability (fussiness). The famotidine dosing regimen was once daily for patients <3 months of age and twice daily for patients ≥3 months of age.

After

4 weeks of treatment, patients were randomly withdrawn from the treatment and followed an additional 4 weeks for adverse events and symptomatology. Patients were evaluated for vomiting (spitting up), irritability (fussiness) and global assessments of improvement. The study patients ranged in age at entry from 1.3 to 10.5 months (mean 5.6 ± 2.9 months), 57% were female, 91% were white and 6% were black. Most patients (27/35) continued into the treatment-withdrawal phase of the study. Two patients discontinued famotidine due to adverse events. Most patients improved during the initial treatment phase of the study. Results of the treatment-withdrawal phase were difficult to interpret because of small numbers of patients. Of the 35 patients enrolled in the study, agitation was observed in 5 patients on famotidine that resolved when the medication was discontinued; agitation was not observed in patients on placebo (see ADVERSE REACTIONS , Pediatric Patients ). These studies suggest that a starting dose of 0.5 mg/kg/dose of famotidine oral suspension may be of benefit for the treatment of GERD for up to 4 weeks once daily in patients <3 months of age and twice daily in patients 3 months to <1 year of age; the safety and benefit of famotidine treatment beyond 4 weeks have not been established. Famotidine should be considered for the treatment of GERD only if conservative measures (e.g., thickened feedings) are used concurrently and if the potential benefit outweighs the risk.

Pediatric Patients

1 to 16 years of age Use of Famotidine in pediatric patients 1 to 16 years of age is supported by evidence from adequate and well-controlled studies of Famotidine in adults, and by the following studies in pediatric patients: In published studies in small numbers of pediatric patients 1 to 15 years of age, clearance of famotidine was similar to that seen in adults. In pediatric patients 11 to 15 years of age, oral doses of 0.5 mg/kg were associated with a mean area under the curve (AUC) similar to that seen in adults treated orally with 40 mg. Similarly, in pediatric patients 1 to 15 years of age, intravenous doses of 0.5 mg/kg were associated with a mean AUC similar to that seen in adults treated intravenously with 40 mg. Limited published studies also suggest that the relationship between serum concentration and acid suppression is similar in pediatric patients 1 to 15 years of age as compared with adults. These studies suggest a starting dose for pediatric patients 1 to 16 years of age as follows: Peptic ulcer - 0.5 mg/kg/day p.o. at bedtime or divided b.i.d. up to 40 mg/day.

Gastroesophageal Reflux

Disease with or without esophagitis including erosions and ulcerations - 1.0 mg/kg/day p.o. divided b.i.d. up to 40 mg b.i.d. While published uncontrolled studies suggest effectiveness of famotidine in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease and peptic ulcer, data in pediatric patients are insufficient to establish percent response with dose and duration of therapy. Therefore, treatment duration (initially based on adult duration recommendations) and dose should be individualized based on clinical response and/or pH determination (gastric or esophageal) and endoscopy. Published uncontrolled clinical studies in pediatric patients have employed doses up to 1 mg/kg/day for peptic ulcer and 2 mg/kg/day for GERD with or without esophagitis including erosions and ulcerations.

Geriatric

Use Of the 4,966 subjects in clinical studies who were treated with famotidine, 488 subjects (9.8%) were 65 and older, and 88 subjects (1.7%) were greater than 75 years of age. No overall differences in safety or effectiveness were observed between these subjects and younger subjects. However, greater sensitivity of some older individuals cannot be ruled out. No dosage adjustment is required based on age (see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY IN ADULTS , Pharmacokinetics ). This drug is known to be substantially excreted by the kidney, and the risk of toxic reactions to this drug may be greater in patients with impaired renal function. Because elderly patients are more likely to have decreased renal function, care should be taken in dose selection, and it may be useful to monitor renal function. Dosage adjustment in the case of moderate or severe renal impairment is necessary (see PRECAUTIONS , Patients with Moderate or Severe Renal Insufficiency and DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION , Dosage Adjustment for Patients with Moderate or Severe Renal Insufficiency ).

INTERACTIONS See Table 3 for clinically significant drug interactions with ibuprofen.

Table

3: Clinically Significant Drug Interactions with Ibuprofen and Famotidine Drugs That Interfere with Hemostasis Clinical Impact:

• Ibuprofen and anticoagulants such as warfarin have a synergistic effect on bleeding. The concomitant use of ibuprofen and anticoagulants have an increased risk of serious bleeding compared to the use of either drug alone.
• Serotonin release by platelets plays an important role in hemostasis. Case-control and cohort epidemiological studies showed that concomitant use of drugs that interfere with serotonin reuptake and an NSAID may potentiate the risk of bleeding more than an NSAID alone. Intervention: Monitor patients with concomitant use of ibuprofen and famotidine tablet with anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin), antiplatelet agents (e.g., aspirin), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), and serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) for signs of bleeding [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.16 ) ] .

Aspirin Clinical

Impact: Pharmacodynamic (PD) studies have demonstrated interference with the antiplatelet activity of aspirin when ibuprofen 400 mg, given three times daily, is administered with enteric-coated low-dose aspirin. The interaction exists even following a once-daily regimen of ibuprofen 400 mg, particularly when ibuprofen is dosed prior to aspirin. The interaction is alleviated if immediate-release low-dose aspirin is dosed at least 2 hours prior to a once-daily regimen of ibuprofen; however, this finding cannot be extended to enteric-coated low-dose aspirin [see Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.2 )]. Controlled clinical studies showed that the concomitant use of NSAIDs and analgesic doses of aspirin does not produce any greater therapeutic effect than the use of NSAIDs alone. In a clinical study, the concomitant use of an NSAID and aspirin was associated with a significantly increased incidence of GI adverse reactions as compared to use of the NSAID alone [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.2 )] . Intervention: Because there may be an increased risk of cardiovascular events due to the interference of ibuprofen with the antiplatelet effect of aspirin, for patients taking low-dose aspirin for cardioprotection who require analgesics, consider use of an NSAID that does not interfere with the antiplatelet effect of aspirin, or non-NSAID analgesics, where appropriate. Concomitant use of ibuprofen and famotidine tablet and analgesic doses of aspirin is not generally recommended because of the increased risk of bleeding [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.3 )] . Ibuprofen and famotidine tablet is not a substitute for low dose aspirin for cardiovascular protection.

Ace

Inhibitors, Angiotensin Receptor Blockers, and Beta-blockers Clinical Impact:

• NSAIDs may diminish the antihypertensive effect of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), or beta-blockers (including propranolol).
• In patients who are elderly, volume-depleted (including those on diuretic therapy), or have renal impairment, co-administration of an NSAID with ACE inhibitors or ARBs may result in deterioration of renal function, including possible acute renal failure. These effects are usually reversible . Intervention:
• During concomitant use of ibuprofen and famotidine tablet and ACE-inhibitors, ARBs, or beta- blockers, monitor blood pressure to ensure that the desired blood pressure is obtained.
• During concomitant use of ibuprofen and famotidine tablet and ACE-inhibitors or ARBs in patients who are elderly, volume-depleted or have impaired renal function, monitor for signs of worsening renal function [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.7 )] .

Diuretics Clinical

Impact: Clinical studies, as well as post-marketing observations, showed that NSAIDs reduced the natriuretic effect of loop diuretics (e.g., furosemide) and thiazide diuretics in some patients. This effect has been attributed to the NSAID inhibition of renal prostaglandin synthesis. Intervention: During concomitant use of ibuprofen and famotidine tablet with diuretics, observe patients for signs of worsening renal function, in addition to assuring diuretic efficacy including antihypertensive effects [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.7 )] .

Digoxin Clinical

Impact: The concomitant use of ibuprofen with digoxin has been reported to increase the serum concentration and prolong the half-life of digoxin. Intervention: During concomitant use of ibuprofen and famotidine tablet and digoxin, monitor serum digoxin levels.

Lithium Clinical

Impact: NSAIDs have produced elevations of plasma lithium levels and reductions in renal lithium clearance. The mean minimum lithium concentration increased 15%, and the renal clearance decreased by approximately 20%. This effect has been attributed to NSAID inhibition of renal prostaglandin synthesis. Intervention: During concomitant use of ibuprofen and famotidine tablet and lithium, monitor patients for signs of lithium toxicity.

Methotrexate Clinical

Impact: Concomitant use of NSAIDs and methotrexate may increase the risk for methotrexate toxicity (e.g., neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, renal dysfunction). Intervention: During concomitant use of ibuprofen and famotidine tablet and methotrexate, monitor patients for methotrexate toxicity.

Cyclosporine Clinical

Impact: Concomitant use of ibuprofen and cyclosporine may increase cyclosporine’s nephrotoxicity. Intervention: During concomitant use of ibuprofen and famotidine tablet and cyclosporine, monitor patients for signs of worsening renal function. NSAIDs and Salicylates Clinical Impact: Concomitant use of ibuprofen with other NSAIDs or salicylates (e.g., diflunisal, salsalate) increases the risk of GI toxicity, with little or no increase in efficacy [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.2 )] . Intervention: The concomitant use of ibuprofen and famotidine tablet with other NSAIDs or salicylates is not recommended.

Pemetrexed Clinical

Impact: Concomitant use of ibuprofen and pemetrexed may increase the risk of pemetrexed-associated myelosuppression, renal, and GI toxicity (see the pemetrexed prescribing information). Intervention: During concomitant use of ibuprofen and famotidine tablet and pemetrexed, in patients with renal impairment whose creatinine clearance ranges from 45 to 79 mL/min, monitor for myelosuppression, renal and GI toxicity. NSAIDs with short elimination half-lives (e.g., diclofenac, indomethacin) should be avoided for a period of two days before, the day of, and two days following administration of pemetrexed. In the absence of data regarding potential interaction between permetrexed and NSAIDs with longer half-lives (e.g., meloxicam, nabumetone), patients taking these NSAIDs should interrupt dosing for at least five days before, the day of, and two days following pemetrexed administration.

Drugs

Dependent on Gastric pH for Absorption Clinical Impact Because famotidine lowers intra-gastric acidity, this may result in reduced absorption and loss of efficacy of concomitant drugs.

Intervention

Concomitant administration of ibuprofen and famotidine tablet is not recommended with dasatinib, delavirdine mesylate, cefditoren, and fosamprenavir. For administration instructions of other drugs whose absorption is dependent on gastric pH, refer to their prescribing information (e.g., atazanavir, erlotinib, ketoconazole, itraconazole, nilotinib, ledipasvir/sofosbuvir, and rilpivirine). Tizanidine (CYP1A2 Substrate)

Clinical Impact

Famotidine is considered a weak CYP1A2 inhibitor and may lead to substantial increases in blood concentrations of tizanidine, a CYP1A2 substrate.

Intervention

Avoid concomitant use with ibuprofen and famotidine tablet. If concomitant use is necessary, monitor for hypotension, bradycardia or excessive drowsiness. Refer to the full prescribing information for tizanidine. See full prescribing information for a list of clinically important drug interactions. ( 7 )

Active i ngredient (in each tablet ) Famotidine USP 10 mg

Active ingredient (in each tablet) Famotidine USP 20 mg

Inactive ingredients carnauba wax, corn starch, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hypromellose, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, red iron oxide, sodium starch glycolate, talc, titanium dioxide

Inactive ingredients carnauba wax, corn starch, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hypromellose, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, red iron oxide, sodium starch glycolate, talc, titanium dioxide, yellow iron oxide